In vitro studies:
Tranylcypromine (10 nM to 10 μM) exerts neuroprotective effects against human Aβ(1-42) oligomer-induced toxicity independent of the presence of glial cells.
Tranylcypromine (100μM) significantly protects RGCs from apoptosis induced by glutamate neurotoxicity and apoptosis induced by oxidative stress.
Under glutamate (Glu)-induced stress conditions, Tranylcypromine stimulates the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 (p38MAPKγ). In addition, tranylcypromine contributes to the survival of RGCs by altering the activity of p38MAPKγ.
In vivo studies
In mice that induced endometriosis, Tranylcypromine treatment significantly and significantly reduced the size of the lesions and improved systemic hyperalgesia in a dose-dependent manner.
In addition, tranylcypromine treatment resulted in decreased immunoreactivity to biomarkers of proliferation, angiogenesis, and H3K4 methylation, leading to EMT and stagnation of lesion growth.
Tranylcypromine (500 mM) injection exerts a neuroprotective effect in the intracellular apoptosis signaling pathway, inhibits the morphological changes of the rat retina, inhibits the activity of caspase 3, restores the expression of p38MAPKγ in the retina after NMDA-induced injury, and enhances the RGC after retinal injury The survival rate is reduced by NMDA neurotoxicity.
As detected by BrdU immunohistochemistry, Tranylcypromine (10 μg/g) resulted in an approximate and significant doubling of the labeled cells in the combined brain regions examined. Tranylcypromine causes the greatest increase in cerebellar cell proliferation.
Animal experiment:
Briefly, rats were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of a 1:1 mixture of xylazine hydrochloride (4 mg/kg) and ketamine hydrochloride (10 mg/kg).
The pupils were then dilated with phenylephrine hydrochloride and tropicamide eye drops and 20 nmol NMDA with or without tranylcypromine was injected into the vitreous cavity.
To evaluate the inhibitory effect of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), 100 nmol of BIRB796 was intravitreally injected simultaneously with NMDA injection.
Inject under the microscope using a 33-gauge needle connected to a microsyringe and insert a needle approximately 1.0 mm behind the corneal limbus.
Next, a total volume of 2.0 μL of PBS (vehicle control) or 500 mM tranylcypromine (1000 nmol) mixed with 10 mM NMDA (20 nmol) was injected into the vitreous cavity.
references: wikipedia
